Back to the video list: Israeli History

 

After nearly 2000 years in the diaspora the Jewish people found a national home in Palestine. In the year 1948 the State of Israel was founded.

 

Video

 

 

Overview

  • Date
  • 14 May 1948
  • Location: Israel (before: Mandatory Palestine)
  • Start: Immediate prehistory since the 1920s / long-term prehistory since ancient times
  • End: Israeli declaration of independence

 

Parties & Persons Involved

  • David Ben Gurion (1886 – 1973), first Israeli Prime Minister
  • Organisations preceding the State of Israel, i.e. Yishuv
  • Organisations preceding the IDF, i.e. Haganah
  • Palestinian organisations
  • Arab League
  • Mandatory Palestine

 

Prehistory

Historic Roots

66 – 135 The Roman Empire prevails in the Jewish-Roman Wars which leads to:

  • Removal of Jews from Palestine & destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem (70)
  • Start of the Jewish Diaspora

 

Development in Europe

  • From 9th century: Anti-Judaism & exclusion of Jews from the European societies
  • From 19th century: Anti-Semitism, leading to the Holocaust
  • 19th century: Jewish Emancipation (Integration of Jews into the societies)

 

Zionist Development (Zion = Temple in Jerusalem)

  • From 1800: Publications & discussion about a Jewish state
  • 29 Aug 1897: Foundation of the World Zionist Organisation
  • 1882-1948: Aliyot (Aliyah = ascent) – Jewish immigration into Palestine

 

The History Directly Leading to the Independence of Israel

  • 24 Jul 1922: League of Nations confirms the British Mandate for Palestine
    • “...the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine.”
  • 1928 & 1929: Recognition of Yishuv (= settlement) as antecedent to the Jewish state & Jewish Agency as representative of the Jews in Mandatory Palestine
  • From 1921: Arab riots against Jews
  • 1936-1939: Arab revolt against Britons & Jews
  • 1931-1948: Jewish revolt (terrorist activities against Britons & Arabs)
  • 29 Nov 1947: UN Two State Solution for Palestine
  • Accepted by the Jewish Agency
  • Rejected by the Arab League
  • 14 May 1948: Israeli declaration of independence

 

Consequences & Impact

  • Foundation & further development of the State of Israel
  • Israeli War of Independence (Israeli-Arab Phase: 15 May 1848 – 20 Jul 1849) begins with the declaration of independence
  • Begin of the Arab-Israeli conflict
  • Begin of the Palestinian Conflict